2024年 01期

摘要(Abstract)：

为了解决南四湖出湖口沉积物-水界面中磷酸盐、氨氮和硝态氮等营养盐释放风险控制缺乏科学依据的问题，利用薄膜扩散梯度技术、高分辨率孔隙水采样技术分析南四湖出湖口沉积物-水界面中营养盐浓度的垂直剖面分布特征，并根据有效态磷、有效态氨氮和有效态硝态氮的浓度，计算三者的净扩散通量，评估三者的释放风险。结果表明：非泄洪期南四湖出湖口上覆水中的溶解态磷浓度低于孔隙水中的，表明沉积物孔隙水中的溶解态磷可能会因浓度梯度的存在而向上覆水中扩散；根据连续分级提取法，钙结合态磷是南四湖出湖口沉积物中磷元素的主要赋存形态，表层沉积物中的不稳定磷元素含量高于深层沉积物中的；有效态磷与有效态铁呈显著正相关，说明南四湖出湖口沉积物-水界面中有效态磷的释放受铁氧化物还原释放影响；有效态磷、有效态氨氮和有效态硝态氮的净扩散通量分别为17.58、 1.16、-40.72 ng/(cm2·d),说明有效态磷和有效态氨氮有从沉积物向上覆水中释放的潜在风险。

关键词(KeyWords)： 环境科学;净扩散通量;薄膜扩散梯度技术;营养盐;沉积物-水界面;南四湖;

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目(42177385)；

作者(Author): 王津，杨丽原，刘恩峰，栾日坚

DOI: 10.13349/j.cnki.jdxbn.20230329.002

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