参考文献(References)：
[1] KAZA S,YAO L C,BHADA-TATA P,et al.What a waste 2.0:a global snapshot of solid waste management to 2050[R].Washington:World Bank,2018:3.
[2] JIANG J G,ZHANG Y J,LI K M,et al.Volatile fatty acids production from food waste:effects of pH,temperature,and organic loading rate[J].Bioresource Technology,2013,143:525.
[3] OWUSU-AGYEMAN I,BALACHANDRAN S,PLAZA E,et al.Co-fermentation of municipal waste streams:effects of pretreatment methods on volatile fatty acids production[J].Biomass and Bioenergy,2021,145:105950.
[4] MARTINEZ G A,PUCCIO S,DOMINGOS J M B,et al.Upgrading grape pomace contained ethanol into hexanoic acid,fuel additives and a sticky polyhydroxyalkanoate:an effective alternative to ethanol distillation[J].Green Chemistry,2022,24(7):2882.
[5] 吴清莲，邓琳，任韦同，等.微生物碳链延长技术转化废弃生物质合成中链脂肪酸[J].环境工程学报，2023,17(7):2099.
[6] WU S L,LONG Y,WEI W,et al.Co-electron donors driven medium-chain fatty acids production:roles of electron donors,reaction kinetics and metabolic pathways[J].Chemosphere,2023,338:139.
[7] 史阳.复合电子供体介导的碳链延伸强化餐厨垃圾合成中链脂肪酸[D].无锡：江南大学，2023:29.
[8] 张盼月，王清谚，梁劲松，等.有机废物厌氧发酵液链延长合成中链脂肪酸研究进展[J].环境工程学报，2022,16(2):363.
[9] WU S L,SUN J,CHEN X M,et al.Unveiling the mechanisms of medium-chain fatty acid production from waste activated sludge alkaline fermentation liquor through physiological,thermodynamic and metagenomic investigations[J].Water Research,2020,169:115218.
[10] PANG H L,JIAO Q,HE J G,et al.Enhanced short-chain fatty acids production through a short-term anaerobic fermentation of waste activated sludge:synergistic pretreatment of alkali and alkaline hydrolase blend[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2022,342:130954.
[11] 张晗，付乾，廖强，等.小麦秸秆水热预处理半纤维素降解动力学研究[J].化工学报，2020,71(7):3098.
[12] MORETTO G,VALENTINO F,PAVAN P,et al.Optimization of urban waste fermentation for volatile fatty acids production[J].Waste Management,2019,92:21.
[13] ZAGRODNIK R,DUBER ■,et al.Enrichment versus bioaugmentation:microbiological production of caproate from mixed carbon sources by mixed bacterial culture and Clostridium kluyveri[J].Environmental Science & Technology,2020,54(9):5864.
[14] LI N,XIAO X X,LI C,et al.Boosting VFAs production during the anaerobic acidification of lignocellulose waste pulp and paper mill excess sludge:ultrasonic pretreatment and inoculating rumen microorganisms[J].Industrial Crops and Products,2022,188(Part B):115613.
[15] MA H Z,LIN Y J,JIN Y,et al.Effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on chain elongation of saccharified residue from food waste by anaerobic fermentation[J].Environmental Pollution,2021,268:115936.
[16] ZHANG C S,LING Z H,YANG L,et al.Efficient caproate production from ethanol and acetate in open culture system through reinforcement of chain elongation process[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2023,383:135394.
[17] ERAKY M,JIN K D,ZHANG Q G,et al.Acidogenic biorefinery of rice straw for volatile fatty acids production via sequential two-stage fermentation:effects of pre-treatments[J].Environmental Technology & Innovation,2021,23:101686.
[18] FANG S Y,ZHU Y S,CAO W B,et al.Sulfite altered permanganate pretreatment effects on the volatile fatty acid production during sludge anaerobic fermentation[J].Separation and Purification Technology,2023,305:122514.
[19] WAN J J,FANG W,ZHANG T,et al.Enhancement of fermentative volatile fatty acids production from waste activated sludge by combining sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and low-thermal pretreatment[J].Bioresource Technology,2020,308:123291.
[20] RAJESH BANU J,KANNAH R Y,KAVITHA S,et al.Novel insights into scalability of biosurfactant combined microwave disintegration of sludge at alkali pH for achieving profitable bioenergy recovery and net profit[J].Bioresource Technology,2018,267:281.
[21] KARIMI S,KARIMI K.Efficient ethanol production from kitchen and garden wastes and biogas from the residues[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2018,187:37.
[22] CASTILLA-ARCHILLA J,ZENG D F,ZHANG Y F,et al.Simultaneous production and recovery of volatile fatty acids from fermentation process using an electrochemically assisted up-flow granular sludge bed reactor[J].Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering,2023,11(2):109568.
[23] BALEERIO F C F,KLEINSTEUBER S,STRAUBER H.Recirculation of H2,CO2,and ethylene improves carbon fixation and carboxylate yields in anaerobic fermentation[J].Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering,2022,10(13):4073.
[24] BALEERIO F C F,KLEINSTEUBER S,STR?UBER H.Hydrogen as a co-electron donor for chain elongation with complex communities[J].Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology,2021,9:650631.
[25] ZHU X Y,ZHOU Y,WANG Y,et al.Production of high-concentration n-caproic acid from lactate through fermentation using a newly isolated Ruminococcaceae bacterium CPB6[J].Biotechnology for Biofuels,2017,10(1):102.
[26] SAN-VALERO P,ABUBACKAR H N,VEIGA M C,et al.Effect of pH,yeast extract and inorganic carbon on chain elongation for hexanoic acid production[J].Bioresource Technology,2020,300:122659.
[27] BARKER H A,TAHA S M.Clostridium kluyverii,an organism concerned in the formation of caproic acid from ethyl alcohol[J].Journal of Bacteriology,1942,43(3):347.
[28] KIM B C,SEUNG JEON B,KIM S,et al.Caproiciproducens galactitolivorans gen.nov.,sp.nov.,a bacterium capable of producing caproic acid from galactitol,isolated from a wastewater treatment plant[J].International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology,2015,65(12):4902.
[29] JEON B S,KIM B C,UM Y,et al.Production of hexanoic acid from d-galactitol by a newly isolated Clostridium sp.BS-1[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2010,88(5):1161.
[30] LIU C J,DU Y F,ZHENG J,et al.Production of caproic acid by Rummeliibacillus suwonensis 3B-1 isolated from the pit mud of strong-flavor baijiu[J].Journal of Biotechnology,2022,358:33.
[31] DONG W J,YANG Y L,LIU C,et al.Caproic acid production from anaerobic fermentation of organic waste:pathways and microbial perspective[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2023,175:113181.
[32] LANJEKAR V B,MARATHE N P,RAMANA V V,et al.Megasphaera indica sp.nov.,an obligate anaerobic bacteria isolated from human faeces[J].International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology,2014,64(7):2250.
[33] JEON B S,CHOI O,UM Y,et al.Production of medium-chain carboxylic acids by Megasphaera sp.MH with supplemental electron acceptors[J].Biotechnology for Biofuels,2016,9(1):129.
[34] 陈茂彬，殷想想，郭志豪，等.酪丁酸梭菌共培养对速生梭菌己酸代谢的影响及机理探讨[J].食品科学，2023,44(10):158.
[35] 嵇翔，徐岩，穆晓清，等.克氏梭菌和酿酒酵母混合培养提高己酸产量[J].食品与生物技术学报，2017,36(9):922.
[36] TANG J L,YANG H,PU Y H,et al.Caproic acid production from food waste using indigenous microbiota:performance and mechanisms[J].Bioresource Technology,2023,387:129687.
[37] 刘春梅.两相法厌氧发酵产己酸及其微生物学研究[D].无锡：江南大学，2019:8.
[38] 江丽红，董昌，黄磊，等.酿酒酵母代谢工程技术[J].生物工程学报，2021,37(5):1578.
[39] 刘金熙，李冠洋，金清.乳酸菌发酵生产D-/L-乳酸的研究进展[J].食品安全导刊，2021(33):146.
[40] GROOTSCHOLTEN T I M,STRIK D P B T B,STEINBUSCH K J J,et al.Two-stage medium chain fatty acid (MCFA) production from municipal solid waste and ethanol[J].Applied Energy,2014,116:223.
[41] SPIRITO C M,RICHTER H,RABAEY K,et al.Chain elongation in anaerobic reactor microbiomes to recover resources from waste[J].Current Opinion in Biotechnology,2014,27:115.
[42] YANG L X,CHEN L,LI H,et al.Lactic acid production from mesophilic and thermophilic fermentation of food waste at different pH[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2022,304:114312.
[43] WEIMER P J,NERDAHL M,BRANDL D J.Production of medium-chain volatile fatty acids by mixed ruminal microorganisms is enhanced by ethanol in co-culture with Clostridium kluyveri[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,175:97.
[44] STEINBUSCH K J J,HAMELERS H V M,PLUGGE C M,et al.Biological formation of caproate and caprylate from acetate:fuel and chemical production from low grade biomass[J].Energy & Environmental Science,2011,4(1):216.
[45] CANDRY P,RADI■,et al.Mildly acidic pH selects for chain elongation to caproic acid over alternative pathways during lactic acid fermentation[J].Water Research,2020,186:116396.
[46] YIN Y N,ZHANG Y F,KARAKASHEV D B,et al.Biological caproate production by Clostridium kluyveri from ethanol and acetate as carbon sources[J].Bioresource Technology,2017,241:638.
[47] GE S J,USACK J G,SPIRITO C M,et al.Long-term n-caproic acid production from yeast-fermentation beer in an anaerobic bioreactor with continuous product extraction[J].Environmental Science & Technology,2015,49(13):8012.
[48] WU Q L,GUO W Q,BAO X,et al.Upgrading liquor-making wastewater into medium chain fatty acid:insights into co-electron donors,key microflora,and energy harvest[J].Water Research,2018,145:650.
[49] TANG J L,PU Y H,HUANG J,et al.Caproic acid production through lactate-based chain elongation:effect of lactate-to-acetate ratio and substrate loading[J].Environmental Technology & Innovation,2022,28:102918.
[50] 车林轩.厌氧消化过程的电子传递机制及强化[J].广东化工，2021,48(15):133.
[51] LIU Y H,HE L M,SHAO L M,et al.Significant enhancement by biochar of caproate production via chain elongation[J].Water Research,2017,119:150.
[52] WANG Y,WEI W,WU S L,et al.Zerovalent iron effectively enhances medium-chain fatty acids production from waste activated sludge through improving sludge biodegradability and electron transfer efficiency[J].Environmental Science & Technology,2020,54(17):10904.
[53] LUO T Y,XU Q X,WEI W,et al.Performance and mechanism of Fe3O4 improving biotransformation of waste activated sludge into liquid high-value products[J].Environmental Science & Technology,2022,56(6):3658.
[54] 王蜜儿，钟林芮，范长征，等.电刺激对厨余垃圾厌氧发酵产脂肪酸的影响[J].能源环境保护，2022,36(6):32.
[55] JIANG Y,CHU N,ZHANG W,et al.Electro-fermentation regulates mixed culture chain elongation with fresh and acclimated cathode[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2020,204:112285.
[56] MA H Z,WU W Y,YU Z Q,et al.Medium-chain fatty acid production from Chinese liquor brewing yellow water by electro-fermentation:division of fermentation process and segmented electrical stimulation[J].Bioresource Technology,2022,360:127510.
[57] WADHAWAN D J,Del CAMPO J D F,COMPTON G R,et al.Emulsion electrosynthesis in the presence of power ultrasound biphasic kolbe coupling processes at platinum and boron-doped diamond electrodes[J].Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry,2001,507(1/2):135.
[58] JOURDIN L,WINKELHORST M,RAWLS B,et al.Enhanced selectivity to butyrate and caproate above acetate in continuous bioelectrochemical chain elongation from CO2:steering with CO2 loading rate and hydraulic retention time[J].Bioresource Technology Reports,2019,7:100284.
[59] GROOTSCHOLTEN T,BORGO K D F,HAMELERS H V M,et al.Promoting chain elongation in mixed culture acidification reactors by addition of ethanol[J].Biomass and Bioenergy,2013,48:10.
[60] LUO L W,YAN B H,XU S Y,et al.Regulation of acidogenic fermentation through exogenous additives for promoting carbon conversion of food waste in two-phase anaerobic system[J].Bioresource Technology,2022,368:128368.
[61] 余江南，刘春梅，黄振兴，等.果蔬废弃物两相厌氧发酵产己酸的效能研究[J].基因组学与应用生物学，2020,39(1):232.
[62] HUO W Z,FU X D,BAO M G,et al.Strategy of electron acceptors for ethanol-driven chain elongation from kitchen waste[J].Science of the Total Environment,2022,846:157492.
[63] Da SILVA A H,MIRANDA E.Adsorption/desorption of organic acids onto different adsorbents for their recovery from fermentation broths[J].Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data,2013,58(6):1454.
[64] YU J N,LIAO J L,HUANG Z X,et al.Enhanced anaerobic mixed culture fermentation with anion-exchange resin for caproate production[J].Processes,2019,7(7):404.
[65] KHOR W C,ANDERSEN S,VERVAEREN H,et al.Electricity-assisted production of caproic acid from grass[J].Biotechnology for Biofuels,2017,10(1):180.
[66] KAUR G,GARCIA-GONZALEZ L,ELST K,et al.Reactive extraction for in-situ carboxylate recovery from mixed culture fermentation[J].Biochemical Engineering Journal,2020,160:107641.
[67] HUANG C H,XU T W,ZHANG Y P,et al.Application of electrodialysis to the production of organic acids:state-of-the-art and recent developments[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2007,288(1/2):1.
[68] HERNANDEZ P A,ZHOU M,VASSILEV I,et al.Selective extraction of medium-chain carboxylic acids by electrodialysis and phase separation[J].American Chemical Society Omega,2021,6(11):7841.
[69] PAN X R,LI W W,HUANG L,et al.Recovery of high-concentration volatile fatty acids from wastewater using an acidogenesis-electrodialysis integrated system[J].Bioresource Technology,2018,260:61.
[70] CARVAJAL-ARROYO J M,ANDERSEN S J,GANIGUé R,et al.Production and extraction of medium chain carboxylic acids at a semi-pilot scale[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2020,416:127886.
[71] XU J J,GUZMAN J J L,ANGENENT L T.Direct medium-chain carboxylic acid oil separation from a bioreactor by an electrodialysis/phase separation cell[J].Environ Science & Technology,2020,55(1):634.
