2026年 05期

摘要(Abstract)：

为了解决酶驱纳米马达在底物浓度较低时运动受限、可控性差及难以适应复杂生理环境的问题，制备一种以聚多巴胺纳米粒子为载体、表面接枝pH响应性聚合物链并负载脲酶和过氧化氢酶的纳米马达；采用透射电子显微镜、热重分析仪和傅里叶变换红外光谱仪对该纳米马达的形貌与组成进行表征；构建2种模拟生理环境，系统研究酶负载比例、聚合物链长度、 pH及近红外光对其运动性能的调控规律。结果表明：所制备的纳米马达不仅能够在生理底物浓度下实现高效自主运动，还具备对内源性pH变化与外源性近红外光刺激的灵敏响应能力；当脲酶与过氧化氢酶的物质的量之比为3∶1时，该纳米马达具有最优的驱动性能，在病灶微环境中其扩散系数较在正常生理环境中的增加了36.6%;通过控制聚合时间可调节表面聚合物链长度，聚合时间为90 min时所制备的纳米马达的扩散系数最优；当病灶微环境的pH为5时纳米马达的扩散系数相比pH为8时的增加了32.3%;在辐射度为2 W/cm²的近红外光照射下，聚多巴胺的光热效应使纳米马达的扩散系数增加至无光照条件下的3.84倍。

关键词(KeyWords)：纳米马达;生物酶;运动调控;聚多巴胺;pH响应;光热效应

基金项目(Foundation):国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFA1201400)

作者(Author):朱世浩,吴迪,段依然,吴婧雯,许蕾蕾

DOI:10.13349/j.cnki.jdxbn.20260708.001

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